Pronunciation: yan-CHWAHN-o-SOR-us
Meaning: Yangchuan lizard
Author/s: Dong (1975)
Synonyms: See below
First Discovery: Sichuan, China
Discovery Chart Position: #247
Yangchuanosaurus shangyouensis
It warms the cockles of our heart when untrained-in-science but nevertheless hard working individuals unearth ground-breaking fossils by accident and manage not to smash them to bits, so caps off to labourers carrying out repair work on the Shangyou Reservoir Dam in China's Yongchuan District, who discovered the first fossils of Yangchuanosaurus after a storm in 1976.
Yangchuanosaurus, although a relative of Allosaurus, was smaller and less famous than its North American counterpart, but at over ten meters long and close to three tons in weight it was hardly meek and mild. Specifically a sinraptorid, the biggest sinraptorid, and one of the biggest Jurassic theropods from the whole of Asia, it would have found the noodle-necks of the contemporaneous sauropods Mamenchisaurus and Omeisaurus irresistable, from a dining point of view.
One of the most striking features of Yangchuanosaurus is a deep and robust but extremely lightweight skull due to six pairs of fenestrae or windows. This was a natural feature and not a side effect of the dynamite needed to blast it from its rocky tomb, and gave it a much lighter head than similar sized Theropods, even taking a bony nose knob, horny bits and possible keratine "mask" into account.
In 1988 Greg Paul sank Yangchuanosaurus into Metriacanthosaurus, Currie and Zhou moved a second species—Yangchuanosaurus hepingensis—to Sinraptor hepingensis in 1994, and in 1999 Gao Yuhui moved it back again along with all other specimens of Sinraptor which he regarded, on the whole, as synonymous with Yangchuanosaurus. Of that moving and shaking, only Currie and Zhao were taken seriously by palaeontologists, but Gao eventually managed to expand Yangchuanosaurus with another species, indirectly, when Matt Carrano moved his Szechuanosaurus zigongensis there in 2012!
Yangchuanosaurus, although a relative of Allosaurus, was smaller and less famous than its North American counterpart, but at over ten meters long and close to three tons in weight it was hardly meek and mild. Specifically a sinraptorid, the biggest sinraptorid, and one of the biggest Jurassic theropods from the whole of Asia, it would have found the noodle-necks of the contemporaneous sauropods Mamenchisaurus and Omeisaurus irresistable, from a dining point of view.
One of the most striking features of Yangchuanosaurus is a deep and robust but extremely lightweight skull due to six pairs of fenestrae or windows. This was a natural feature and not a side effect of the dynamite needed to blast it from its rocky tomb, and gave it a much lighter head than similar sized Theropods, even taking a bony nose knob, horny bits and possible keratine "mask" into account.
In 1988 Greg Paul sank Yangchuanosaurus into Metriacanthosaurus, Currie and Zhou moved a second species—Yangchuanosaurus hepingensis—to Sinraptor hepingensis in 1994, and in 1999 Gao Yuhui moved it back again along with all other specimens of Sinraptor which he regarded, on the whole, as synonymous with Yangchuanosaurus. Of that moving and shaking, only Currie and Zhao were taken seriously by palaeontologists, but Gao eventually managed to expand Yangchuanosaurus with another species, indirectly, when Matt Carrano moved his Szechuanosaurus zigongensis there in 2012!
Etymology
Yangchuanosaurus is derived from "Yongchuan" (for Yongchuan county, its place of discovery) and the Greek "sauros" (lizard). The Shangyou dam is honored in the species epithet, shangyouensis, which means "from Shangyou" in Latin.
Discovery
The first fossils of Yangchuanosaurus were discovered in the dark-red sandy mudstones of the Chongqing Group's Upper Shaximiao (Shangshaximiao) Formation, 350 m from the base of the Daba Dam at Shangyou Reservoir, Yongchuan County, China, by Sinung Chen, the leader of the Daba Reconstruction Public Works Corps, in July of 1976, and excavated by Yihong Zhang and Fanmo Ceng of the Chungking Museum of Natural History.
The holotype (CV00215) is an almost complete skeleton barring the forelimbs and a few vertebrae. The skull measures 82 cm long and 50 cm high.
















