dinochecker
Welcome to our APATOSAURUS entry...
Archived dinosaurs: 1164
fb twit g+ feed
Dinosaurs from A to Z
Click a letter to view...
A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N
O P Q R S T U
V W X Y Z ?

Tuesday, 25th of March, 2025
The database has been scoured and today's daily dinosaur is...

APATOSAURUS

a herbivorous diplodocid sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of North America.
Pronunciation: a-PAT-oh-SOR-us
Meaning: Deceptive Lizard
Author/s: Cope (1877)
Synonyms: None known
First Discovery: Colorado, USA
Chart Position: 52

Apatosaurus ajax

[Ajax's deceptive lizard]Etymology
Apatosaurus is derived from from the Greek "apate" (deception/deceptive) and "sauros" (lizard). This name was chosen by Othniel Charles Marsh because he thought its chevron bones were deceptively similar to those of some sea-dwelling mosasaurs. The species epithet honours Ajax: the great grandson of Zeus and a hero of the Trojan War.
ZooBank registry: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3A73E228-B1B2-46B9-A19B-5AE40DBE617A.
Estimations
Timeline:
Era: Mesozoic
Epoch: Late Jurassic
Stage: Kimmeridgian
Age range: 156-151 mya
Vital Stats:
Est. max. length: 24 meters
Est. max. hip height: 5 meters
Est. max. weight: 18 tons
Diet: Herbivore
[lofty deceptive lizard]Apatosaurus exelsus?
During the infamous late 19th-century "bone wars", Edward Drinker Cope and Othniel Charles Marsh, desperate to one-up each other by fair means or foul, were literally hailing every fragmentary fossil find as a new species so it's a bit ironic that Marsh managed to trump himself when his majestic sounding Brontosaurus exelsus—named in 1879 and then the biggest and most complete dinosaur known, turned out to belong to his Apatosaurus—the "deceptive lizard" whose type specimen, based on partial, juvenile remains, shares its specific name with a brand of household toilet cleaner. For many years, palaeontologists battled public opinion and the US postal service (who released a stamp featuring Brontosaurus and were accused of fostering scientific illiteracy) in the hopes of burying everyone's favourite "thunder lizard" once and for all. Alas, it was all in vain as Brontosaurus exelsus was officially reinstated as a valid genus in 2015, and it brought Brontosaurus parvus (see Apatosaurus parvus below) and Brontosaurus yahnahpin (previously Eobrontosaurus yahnahpin) with it.
[small deceptive lizard]Apatosaurus parvus?
Apatosaurus parvus is an amalgamation of two specimens—one juvenile (CMNH 566), one adult (UWGM 15556)—that were found together by Charles Gilmore in Carnegie Quarry E of Wyoming's Morrison Formation at Sheep Creek in 1901, with the smaller one being named Elosaurus parvus by Peterson and Gilmore in 1902 and the larger one assigned to Brontosaurus exelsus by John Bell Hatcher in 1901. As mentioned in the kerfuffle above, Brontosaurus and its associated species were reassigned to Apatosaurus by Riggs in 1903, but it wasn't until 2004 that Upchurch, Tomida and Barrett realised that the two Sheep Creek specimens represented the same type of critter, and they combined them as a new species, Apatosaurus parvus. Funnily enough, although the smaller specimen had already been nominated as a name-bearer, albeit of a different genus (Elosaurus), and retained its epithet (parvus) when the pair were combined, it was the larger specimen (UWGM 15556) that became the holotype. Apatosaurus parvus was renamed Brontosaurus parvus by Tschopp and Mateus in 2015.
References
• Marsh OC (1877) "Notice of a new and gigantic dinosaur". American Journal of Science, Series 3, 14: 87-88. [Coins Titanosaurus montanus.]
• Marsh OC (1877) "Notice of new dinosaurian reptiles from the Jurassic formation". American Journal of Science, Series 3, 14: 514516. [Coins Apatosaurus ajax and Apatosaurus grandis, and Titanosaurus montanus is renamed Atlantosaurus montanus.]
• Marsh OC (1879) "Brontosaurus exelsus" in "Notice of new Jurassic reptiles". American Journal of Science, Series 3, 18: 501-505.
• Marsh OC (1878) "Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Pt. I". American Journal of Science, Series 3, 16: 411-416. [Refers Apatosaurus grandis to Morosaurus.]
• Peterson OA and Gilmore CW (1902) "Elosaurus parvus: a new genus and species of the Sauropoda". Annals of Carnegie Museum, 1: 490-499.
• Riggs ES (1903) "Structure and relationships of opisthecoelian dinosaurs. Pt. I. Apatosaurus Marsh". Publications of the Field Columbian Museum Geology, 2: 165-196.
• Holland WJ (1916) "A new species of Apatosaurus". Annals of Carnegie Museum 10: 143-145. [Coins Apatosaurus louisae.]
• Mook CC (1917) "Criteria for the determination of species in the Sauropoda with description of a new species of Apatosaurus". Bulletin of the American Museum Natural History 37: 815-819. [Coins Apatosaurus minimus.]
• Gilmore CW (1936) "Osteology of Apatosaurus, with special references to specimens in the Carnegie Museum". Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 11 (4): 175-300.
• de Lapparent AF and Zbyszewski G (1957) "Les dinosauriens du Portugal [The Dinosaurs of Portugal]". Mémoires des Services Géologiques du Portugal, nouvelle serie, 2: 1-63. (Coins Apatosaurus alenquerensis.)
• Filla J and Redman PD (1994) "Apatosaurus yahnahpin: A preliminary description of a new species of diplodocid dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of Southern Wyoming, the first sauropod dinosaur found with a complete set of belly ribs". Fieldguide from the forty-fourth Annual Field Conference of the Wyoming Geological Association: 159-178.
• Parsons KM (1997) "The Wrongheaded Dinosaur". Carnegie Magazine.
• Upchurch P, Tomida Y and Barrett PM (2004) "A new specimen of Apatosaurus ajax (Sauropoda: Diplodocidae) from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Wyoming, USA". National Science Museum Monographs, Tokyo, 26: 1-108.
• Upchurch P, Barrett PM and Dodson P (2004) Chapter Thirteen: "Sauropoda". In Weishampel, Dodson and Osmólska (eds.) "The Dinosauria: Second Edition".
• Tschopp E, Mateus OV and Benson RBJ (2015) "A specimen-level phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of Diplodocidae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda)". PeerJ, 3: e857.
Email    Facebook    Twitter    Reddit    Pinterest
Time stands still for no man, and research is ongoing. If you spot an error, or want to expand, edit or add a dinosaur, please use this form. Go here to contribute to our FAQ.
All dinos are GM free, and no herbivores were eaten during site construction!
To cite this page:
Atkinson, L. "APATOSAURUS :: from DinoChecker's dinosaur archive".
›. Web access: 25th Mar 2025.
  top